Incandescent lamps are frequently the first choice of new indoor gardeners, as well as those who want to grow an individual plant or a small collection of plants. While you can keep standard foliage and some easy-care bloomers growing with an incandescent grow lamp, it is the least efficient and effective option.

The low output of usable light and high output of unwanted heat makes an incandescent lamp a less-than-desirable choice for growing any sort of edible crop, especially those that produce fruit.

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An LED lamp is a semiconductor that produces light when electrical current passes through it. This is solid-state lighting, as opposed to lamps that use electrical filaments and gases to produce light. This solid state can make LEDs a longer-lasting, more efficient choice. LEDs are lightweight and don’t emit a lot of heat, which is very important in a controlled growing environment.

Some indoor growers still use LEDs only as a supplement to other forms of HID lighting, newer advances are making LEDs a good consideration for primary plant lighting, especially in intensive indoor food-production operations that use vertical farming. You can also use LEDs to lengthen photoperiod during the shorter and darker days of winter, or shift easily between vegetative and flowering stages of plant growth using spectrum-specific LEDs.

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What is Making Everyone Houseplant Crazy?

If you feel like the 70’s are back, especially when it comes to home decorating and plant keeping trends, you’re not wrong. You want to know why so many people are turning to the hobby of Plant Parenting? Why Instagram is full of feeds featuring apartments stuffed to the gills with houseplants? If you’ve been paying any attention to the world around you, then the answer is staring you right in the face.

It’s Weltschmerz.

HUH?

Weltschmerz.

It’s nothing new, and it’s certainly no secret, that when one becomes weary of the world one tends to turn to nature. That’s Weltschmerz. A German word that translates literally to world-pain, or more generally as world weariness. The word was coined by German author Jean Paul to describe his "feelings of dissatisfaction that the real world could never satisfy the demands of the mind." Frederick C. Beiser defines Weltschmerz as "a mood of weariness or sadness about life arising from the acute awareness of evil and suffering”.

How Art and Enthusiasm for Nature are Connected

If, like me, you’ve spent any time studying art history then you’re probably aware of the romantic and pre-Raphaelite painting movements of the mid- to late-1800s. Such art typically depicts people expressing intense - or distant -emotions whilst placed in exaggerated natural settings or surrounded by flowers and plants. These art movements were in direct relation to a collective Weltschmertz emerging at the time; and these artists rejected the unemotional ideals represented in earlier neoclassical art.

I’m particularly fond of the romantic and pre-Raphaelite art movements - they resonate strongly with me. That's probably because I can remember feeling Weltschmertz by the age of 5. I then spent the entirety of the 80s dressed in all black. You get the picture.

Disenchanted, once more

Disillusioned, encore

Disappointed…

--Electronic

My flair for the dark dramatics aside, there’s nothing fake or irrational about Weltschmertz. Given the current political climate in the US, and the subsequent global consequences, it’s no coincidence we’re seeing a new wave of Weltschmertz crashing over us. Even if we don't collectively recognize it - or are mocked for it. Beiser noted that by the 1860’s, the word Weltschmerz was used ironically in Germany to refer to oversensitivity to such world concerns. Huh. Does that harsh lack of empathy sound eerily familiar?

History tends to repeat itself. So, perhaps on a political – and human - level, we should all be paying a lot more attention to the what’s creating our current state of Weltschmertz. And what we can do to provide remedies.

To put politics aside and plants front and center, it is, as such, no surprise to me that another generation of young people have become obsessed with houseplants. The world weary are yet again turning to nature for respite. They might all be pretending to be “living their best lives” on social media, but their homes overflowing with houseplants betray them. I see you. Those plants are a security blanket, or emotional balm, of sorts. Those plants give them something to nurture, as well as serve as a positive distraction from all their worldly stresses. Those plants give them something to be passionate about while the world is at work wearing them down. A big green hug.

This is not a criticism – far from it. Feeling weary is not a weakness. And, what better to turn to than nature when the world has us weary? My house in college was so full of plants you couldn’t see out the windows. That was almost 30 years ago. I’ve been using plants and pets as an emotional balm my entire life.

If you’re in the green industry, and you’ve been ignoring the “why” behind the buy when it comes to current plant trends, then you’re missing out big time. Missing out on the opportunity to grow your business, of course – but also to feel really good about the problems your products help solve for a whole lotta people. Not to mention the meaningful human connections you’ll make in the process.

One of the reasons my profession as a horticulturist makes me happy is that gardening and growing plants are things I can always feel good about doing, teaching, and selling. I have zero career guilt.

So, if you’ve found yourself uttering the words “that houseplant craze will run its course soon – it’s just a fad”, then I think you’re missing the big picture - and some big opportunities. Sure, cycles are inevitable. So is Weltschmerz. That doesn't mean it's a good idea for you to sit this cycle out.

America, give us green garden geeks your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free...we’ll give you some plants to make you feel better. We’ll even throw in a macramé hanger so you can post it on Instagram. We got you.

Some plants, such as succulents, are so easy to propagate, you merely have to pluck off a leaf and lay it on the soil. Then, a rooted plantlet develops at the base of the succulent leaf.

Too much water is the succulent cuttings worst enemy. Make sure to keep them on the drier end while rooting.

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Hybrid tulips are a classic example of a plant that requires vernalization, as the bulbs will not produce a flower bud until they have been chilled for 8 to 10 weeks at about 45°F (7°C), then exposed to warmer temperatures.

You can sometimes get away with chilling small quantities of tulip bulbs in your refrigerator before you plant them, but ethylene from the produce in your fridge can interrupt the vernalization and flower bud development.

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An incandescent grow lamp can work in a darker space where you may need more ambient lighting for your visual needs and for an individual foliage or blooming plant. It can be useful to site an incandescent grow lamp in a fixture that also serves as a directional reading lamp. However, incandescent bulbs are not efficient for plant growth.

Remember that your plant will need that lamp to remain on for much longer than you may need it for reading or lighting the room. Plus, incandescent bulbs generate too much heat versus light.

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There are many different species and cultivars of citrus, all with wonderfully fragrant flowers. If you’re lucky enough to live in a warm, frost-free climate, you can grow citrus outdoors. But in cold climates or even mild areas that experience a handful of winter frosts, grow citrus trees in containers and cover or bring indoors during cold snaps. Or, you can grow citrus indoors year-round if you provide supplemental light from bright grow lamps.

Making flowers and fruit takes a lot of energy, and citrus will need a lot of light to do so indoors. Large CFL grow lamps, or HID lighting is ideal for citrus plants. If you have a very bright southern window, you could combine LED spotlights to provide enough light. In order to receive fruit from indoor citrus, it helps to hand-pollinate flowers if your citrus plants are blooming indoors.

If you are longing to bring your citrus trees indoors for winter, or grow them indoors year-round, I have a special citrus section in my book Gardening Under Lights: The Complete Guide for Indoor Growers !!

When plants stretch or grow toward the sun, also known as tropism, they are reaching for more blue light. When sun-loving plants grow in too much shade, their growth slows down and their internode length elongates.

The plants stretch to avoid the shade so they can compete with surrounding plants and reach more light.

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